Table of Contents

Introduction......…..................................................................................................................……..1

For Instructors......…...................................................................................................................... 2

PART 1: The Natural Environment............................................................................................. 4

1-1)   Evaluating Soil Texture................................................................................................…….. 4

1-2)   Physical Conditions and Dissolved Oxygen......................................................................... 9

1-3)   Net Primary Productivity and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)........................................ 16

1-4)    Solution Chemistry of Natural Waters................................................................................. 23

1-5)    Buffering Capacity of the Carbonate Ion............................................................................. 27

1-6)    Diurnal and Seasonal Pond Dynamics................................................................................ 33

1-7)    The Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycles.....................................................................………. 36

1-8)    The Population Dynamics of Paramecia............................................................................. 40

1-9)    Feed Conversion in Mealworms…….......................................………................................. 43

PART 2: The Man-Made Environment....................................................................................... 46

2-1)    Quantifying Urban Sprawl................................................................................................... 46

2-2)   Transportation ..................................................................................................................... 50

2-3)    Development and Quality of Life......................................................................................... 57

2-4)    Risk Factors and Health Outcomes in the U.S.................................................................... 64

2-5)    Risk Factors and Health Outcomes in Africa....................................................................... 68

PART 3: Sustainability................................................................................................................ 74

3-1)    Carbon Cycling Between Goldfish and Elodea…................................................................ 74

3-2)    Dose-Response to Carbon Dioxide..................................................................................... 82

3-3)    Assessing Toxicity with Yeast and Algae............................................................................ 88

3-4)     Assessing Pollution Remediation with Yeast.......…......................................................….. 95

3-5)    Energy Density of Rechargeable Batteries.....................................................................…...98

3-6)    Fuel Cell Dynamics............................................................................................................. 105

3-7)    Household Energy Consumption........................................................................................ 112

3-8)    Energy Conversion Efficiency...…....................................................................................... 115

3-9)    Photovoltaic Cell Dynamics................................................................................................. 127

3-10) The Chemistry of Flue Gas Desulfurization......................................................Disk Supplement 1

Addendum............................................................................................................... Disk Supplement 2

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